What is Artificial Intelligence?

Stanford computer scientists say that, with the diverse rules of every game in computers, they are the ideal tools for exploring ideas in artificial intelligence and fresh approaches to programming.

As Michael Genesereth, computer science professor with the Stanford Logic Group, and Nathaniel Love, a computer science doctoral student, in an article on general game playing (GGP), wrote that: "Programs that think better should be able to win more games.”

He added that, the theorem of general game playing is “drastically different” from the past creation of computer programming.

He said that, “the computer just follows a recipe that has been given to it.” AI’s application is limited to this situation because computer never needs to think for itself. According to him, program like IBM’s Deep Blue shows the smarts of the programmer rather than the smarts of the program. Writing program for GGP is similar as trying to educate a child the way how to play a game.

Genesereth said that competitions between GGP programs are an "evaluation technique for intelligent systems.” And, it is feasible to compare the relative intelligence of its system by playing the programs against one another.

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An example of a process in artificial intelligent system

An Artificial Intelligent System was first known as an expert system some 3000 years ago. It evolved into sophistication and the use of complicated algorithms in order to ultimately respond and learn from their masters.

A concept of machine communication was introduced by Alan Turing, known as the universal Turing machine that mimics other computing machine. The concept was largely accepted and became the basis for the development of an artificial intelligent system that we now see and use these days.

So how does an artificial intelligent system works?

Let us take for example an artificial intelligent robot.

The artificial intelligent system embedded in the robot's brain takes advantage of sensors integrated in cameras or laser devices. The sensors feed information to the robot's brain. Then, the brain checks for any historical data. If there's none, it creates a composite concept to form part of its memory.

Then the brain builds up the present situation from these concepts. Again, the brain checks for any existing response rule in the memory that is appropriate for this situation. It the picks up one of the matched response rules and sends the action part, to the limbs.

At the start, the robots memory is empty of concepts and response rules. But every time the robot "learns" a new set of response rule containing the present situation, the specific action performed and if it was useful for the objectives set for its actions.

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Synapses link these tiny networks of brain cells.

Adaptive learning is one characteristic of the human brain that is difficult to understand. But a new generation of artificial intelligence computing is emerging to mimic such characteristic.

This new generation Neuro-computer is the subject of a three-year study by the researchers from the Institute for Theoretical Science (IGI) at Graz University of Technology in collaboration with the European Union research project "Brain-i-Nets" (Novel Brain Inspired Learning Paradigms for Large-Scale Neuronal Networks).

The human brain is made up of tiny networks of billions of nerve cells called neurons. These networks are linked by independent connections called synapses.Synapses are dynamic connections which represents a basis for independent thinking and learning.

This behavior of the synapses is what scientists from Graz want to learn about and implement on their project Neuro-computer.

They want to use this behavior to develop new learning methods for artificial intelligent systems which process information. Their long-term goal is to develop adaptive computers which will potentially revolutionize present computing trends.

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WeCU

WeCU Technologies is creating a system that would essentially turn the public spaces in airports into vast screening grounds a mind-reading scanner that can tell if a given traveler is a potential danger.

The system projects image onto airport screens or some other image such as symbols associated with a certain terrorist group to familiar images that suddenly appear in unfamiliar places. If you strolled through an airport and saw a picture of your mother, the logic is that people can't help reacting, even if only subtly.

“And a circular screen which ought to have been a calm turquoise blue on the wall behind him. But which was flickering from dark blue through violet to mauve. That was simple nervous tension and guilt and anger at the humiliation of being subjected to "veridicator" interrogation.

There was a bright conical helmet on his head, and electrodes had been clamped to various portions of his anatomy which was designed to extract information more efficiently than conventional interrogation methods. "The chair" is employed throughout the Peacekeeper military is believed one of the most effective means of gaining information from unwilling subjects.

It is designed to sort through and uncover the mind's "layers".

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Colors Blue and Red effect on cgnitive task performance

A recent study conducted at the University of British Columbia proved the color’s cognitive effect associated with blue and red to improve cognitive performance. But it does not tell that either has the greatest boost. What matters is the nature of task.

Co-author Juliet Zhu said, "Color enhance performance". Red is said to be effective in improving detail-oriented tasks, for instance, proofreading or memory recovery. Because of emergency vehicles’ red lights, stop signs and teachers’ red pen, we usually link red to errors, risk and caution. Our motivation to avoid these things makes us attentive thus, making us to do our task with careful attention.

While blue is great at enhancing our aptitude to think artistically. It is effective for creative tasks like brainstorming. With blue as the environmental background, participants are impelled to create twice as many artistic outputs because blue encourages us to think deeply.

These differences are the effect of distinct unconscious inspiration that red and blue activates thus, noting that color affects behavior and cognition through studied associations.

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